Why Don't Diapers Leak? Learn About Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Nonwoven Fabrics!
As the demand for infant and adult incontinence care products continues to grow, the structure and performance of diapers have been constantly optimized. Among the key materials in diaper construction, the properties of nonwoven fabrics play a direct role in determining comfort, absorption efficiency, and leakage protection.
Depending on their function, two main types of nonwoven fabrics are used in diapers: hydrophilic and hydrophobic nonwovens. Hydrophilic nonwoven fabric refers to nonwoven material treated to attract water, with excellent absorbency and liquid wicking properties. It can quickly absorb urine and transfer it to the absorbent core. This is typically achieved by applying hydrophilic agents to the fabric surface or modifying the fiber structure to enhance moisture affinity. In contrast, hydrophobic nonwoven fabric is treated with water-repellent agents, making it resistant to moisture and effective at blocking liquid penetration. These materials are commonly used in areas that require fluid isolation.
In diaper design, hydrophilic and hydrophobic nonwoven fabrics are strategically layered to perform key roles in absorption and leak prevention. The top sheet of the diaper features soft hydrophilic nonwoven fabric that is gentle on delicate baby skin, providing superior comfort. It also quickly draws urine into the absorbent core, keeping the surface dry and reducing the risk of diaper rash. The fabric wrapping the absorbent core is usually treated with hydrophilic agents as well, promoting even liquid distribution and improved absorption.The back sheet typically consists of a hydrophobic nonwoven fabric combined with a PE film or breathable membrane, effectively preventing liquid leakage. Additional leak-proof features such as leg cuffs and waistbands also use hydrophobic nonwovens to form protective barriers, stopping side leakage caused by movement and enhancing protection during nighttime or extended wear. With the smart combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials, diapers achieve fast absorption, smooth fluid distribution, strong leak protection, and exceptional wearing comfort.
